antigenic |
Analysis of data from experimentally determined antigenic sites on proteins has revealed that the hydrophobic residues Cys, Leu and Val, if they occur on the surface of a protein, are more likely to be a part of antigenic sites. A semi-empirical method which makes use of physicochemical properties of amino acid residues and their frequencies of occurrence in experimentally known segmental epitopes was developed by Kolaskar and Tongaonkar to predict antigenic determinants on proteins. Application of this method to a large number of proteins has shown that their method can predict antigenic determinants with about 75% accuracy which is better than most of the known methods. This method is based on a single parameter and thus very simple to use.
% antigenic Finds antigenic sites in proteins Input sequence(s): tsw:act1_fugru Minimum length [6]: Output report [act1_fugru.antigenic]: |
Go to the input files for this example
Go to the output files for this example
Example 2
By using the '-rformat gff' qualifier, a GFF file of the predicted regions can be produced.
% antigenic -rformat gff Finds antigenic sites in proteins Input sequence(s): tsw:act1_fugru Minimum length [6]: Output report [act1_fugru.antigenic]: |
Go to the output files for this example
Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers: [-sequence] seqall Sequence database USA -minlen integer Minimum length [-outfile] report Output report file name Additional (Optional) qualifiers: (none) Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers: (none) Associated qualifiers: "-sequence" associated qualifiers -sbegin1 integer Start of each sequence to be used -send1 integer End of each sequence to be used -sreverse1 boolean Reverse (if DNA) -sask1 boolean Ask for begin/end/reverse -snucleotide1 boolean Sequence is nucleotide -sprotein1 boolean Sequence is protein -slower1 boolean Make lower case -supper1 boolean Make upper case -sformat1 string Input sequence format -sdbname1 string Database name -sid1 string Entryname -ufo1 string UFO features -fformat1 string Features format -fopenfile1 string Features file name "-outfile" associated qualifiers -rformat2 string Report format -rname2 string Base file name -rextension2 string File name extension -rdirectory2 string Output directory -raccshow2 boolean Show accession number in the report -rdesshow2 boolean Show description in the report -rscoreshow2 boolean Show the score in the report -rusashow2 boolean Show the full USA in the report General qualifiers: -auto boolean Turn off prompts -stdout boolean Write standard output -filter boolean Read standard input, write standard output -options boolean Prompt for standard and additional values -debug boolean Write debug output to program.dbg -verbose boolean Report some/full command line options -help boolean Report command line options. More information on associated and general qualifiers can be found with -help -verbose -warning boolean Report warnings -error boolean Report errors -fatal boolean Report fatal errors -die boolean Report deaths |
Standard (Mandatory) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default | |
---|---|---|---|
[-sequence] (Parameter 1) |
Sequence database USA | Readable sequence(s) | Required |
-minlen | Minimum length | Integer from 1 to 50 | 6 |
[-outfile] (Parameter 2) |
Output report file name | Report output file | |
Additional (Optional) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default | |
(none) | |||
Advanced (Unprompted) qualifiers | Allowed values | Default | |
(none) |
ID ACT1_FUGRU STANDARD; PRT; 375 AA. AC P53484; DT 01-OCT-1996 (REL. 34, CREATED) DT 01-OCT-1996 (REL. 34, LAST SEQUENCE UPDATE) DT 01-OCT-1996 (REL. 34, LAST ANNOTATION UPDATE) DE ACTIN, CYTOPLASMIC 1 (BETA-ACTIN 1). OS FUGU RUBRIPES (JAPANESE PUFFERFISH) (TAKIFUGU RUBRIPES). OC EUKARYOTA; METAZOA; CHORDATA; VERTEBRATA; PISCES; GNATHOSTOMATA; OC OSTEICHTHYES; ACTINOPTERYGII; TETRAODONTIFORMES. RN [1] RP SEQUENCE FROM N.A. RX MEDLINE; 96275651. RA VENKATESH B., TAY B.H., ELGAR G., BRENNER S.; RL J. MOL. BIOL. 259:655-665(1996). CC -!- FUNCTION: ACTINS ARE HIGHLY CONSERVED PROTEINS THAT ARE INVOLVED CC IN VARIOUS TYPES OF CELL MOTILITY AND ARE UBIQUITOUSLY EXPRESSED CC IN ALL EUKARYOTIC CELLS. CC -!- SUBUNIT: POLYMERIZATION OF GLOBULAR ACTIN (G-ACTIN) LEADS TO A CC STRUCTURAL FILAMENT (F-ACTIN) IN THE FORM OF A TWO-STRANDED CC HELIX. EACH ACTIN CAN BIND TO 4 OTHERS. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: CYTOPLASMIC. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: WIDELY DISTRIBUTED. NOT EXPRESSED IN SKELETAL CC MUSCLE. CC -!- IN VERTEBRATES 3 MAIN GROUPS OF ACTIN ISOFORMS, ALPHA, BETA AND CC GAMMA HAVE BEEN IDENTIFIED. THE ALPHA ACTINS ARE FOUND IN MUSCLE CC TISSUES AND ARE A MAJOR CONSTITUENT OF THE CONTRACTILE APPARATUS. CC THE BETA AND GAMMA ACTINS CO-EXISTS IN MOST CELL TYPES AS CC COMPONENTS OF THE CYTOSKELETON AND AS MEDIATORS OF INTERNAL CELL CC MOTILITY. CC -!- THERE ARE THREE DIFFERENT BETA-CYTOPLASMIC ACTINS IN FUGU CC RUBRIPES. DR EMBL; U37499; G1335821; -. DR PROSITE; PS00406; ACTINS_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00432; ACTINS_2; 1. DR PROSITE; PS01132; ACTINS_ACT_LIKE; 1. KW MULTIGENE FAMILY; STRUCTURAL PROTEIN; METHYLATION; ACETYLATION; KW CYTOSKELETON. FT PROPEP 1 1 REMOVED IN MATURE FORM (BY SIMILARITY). FT CHAIN 2 375 ACTIN, CYTOPLASMIC 1. FT MOD_RES 1 1 ACETYLATION (BY SIMILARITY). FT MOD_RES 2 2 ACETYLATION (BY SIMILARITY). FT MOD_RES 73 73 METHYLATION (BY SIMILARITY). SQ SEQUENCE 375 AA; 41766 MW; 3A0543DF CRC32; MEDEIAALVV DNGSGMCKAG FAGDDAPRAV FPSIVGRPRH QGVMVGMGQK DSYVGDEAQS KRGILTLKYP IEHGIVTNWD DMEKIWHHTF YNELRVAPEE HPVLLTEAPL NPKANREKMT QIMFETFNTP AMYVAIQAVL SLYASGRTTG IVMDSGDGVT HTVPIYEGYA LPHAILRLDL AGRDLTDYLM KILTERGYSF TTTAEREIVR DIKEKLCYVA LDFEQEMGTA ASSSSLEKSY ELPDGQVITI GNERFRCPEA LFQPSFLGME SCGIHETTYN SIMKCDVDIR KDLYANTVLS GGTTMYPGIA DRMQKEITAL APSTMKIKII APPERKYSVW IGGSILASLS TFQQMWISKQ EYDESGPSIV HRKCF // |
The output is a standard EMBOSS report file.
The results can be output in one of several styles by using the command-line qualifier -rformat xxx, where 'xxx' is replaced by the name of the required format. The available format names are: embl, genbank, gff, pir, swiss, trace, listfile, dbmotif, diffseq, excel, feattable, motif, regions, seqtable, simple, srs, table, tagseq
See: http://emboss.sf.net/docs/themes/ReportFormats.html for further information on report formats.
By default antigenic writes a 'motif' report file.
######################################## # Program: antigenic # Rundate: Fri Jul 15 2005 12:00:00 # Report_format: motif # Report_file: act1_fugru.antigenic ######################################## #======================================= # # Sequence: ACT1_FUGRU from: 1 to: 375 # HitCount: 18 #======================================= Max_score_pos at "*" (1) Score 1.207 length 9 at residues 214->222 * Sequence: EKLCYVALD | | 214 222 (2) Score 1.187 length 15 at residues 131->145 * Sequence: AMYVAIQAVLSLYAS | | 131 145 (3) Score 1.166 length 8 at residues 5->12 * Sequence: IAALVVDN | | 5 12 (4) Score 1.164 length 12 at residues 27->38 * Sequence: PRAVFPSIVGRP | | 27 38 (5) Score 1.136 length 24 at residues 160->183 * Sequence: THTVPIYEGYALPHAILRLDLAGR | | 160 183 (6) Score 1.135 length 6 at residues 367->372 * Sequence: PSIVHR | | 367 372 [Part of this file has been deleted for brevity] (11) Score 1.102 length 15 at residues 62->76 * Sequence: RGILTLKYPIEHGIV | | 62 76 (12) Score 1.086 length 19 at residues 232->250 * Sequence: SSSSLEKSYELPDGQVITI | | 232 250 (13) Score 1.083 length 6 at residues 327->332 * Sequence: IKIIAP | | 327 332 (14) Score 1.074 length 7 at residues 317->323 * Sequence: ITALAPS | | 317 323 (15) Score 1.068 length 7 at residues 186->192 * Sequence: TDYLMKI | | 186 192 (16) Score 1.066 length 7 at residues 40->46 * Sequence: HQGVMVG | | 40 46 (17) Score 1.045 length 7 at residues 269->275 * Sequence: MESCGIH | | 269 275 (18) Score 1.034 length 7 at residues 51->57 * Sequence: DSYVGDE | | 51 57 #--------------------------------------- #--------------------------------------- |
##gff-version 2.0 ##date 2005-07-15 ##Type Protein ACT1_FUGRU ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 214 222 1.207 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.1" ; note "*pos 218" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 131 145 1.187 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.2" ; note "*pos 137" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 5 12 1.166 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.3" ; note "*pos 8" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 27 38 1.164 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.4" ; note "*pos 32" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 160 183 1.136 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.5" ; note "*pos 173" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 367 372 1.135 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.6" ; note "*pos 372" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 93 108 1.116 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.7" ; note "*pos 103" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 295 301 1.113 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.8" ; note "*pos 296" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 256 266 1.110 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.9" ; note "*pos 264" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 336 352 1.107 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.10" ; note "*pos 347" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 62 76 1.102 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.11" ; note "*pos 68" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 232 250 1.086 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.12" ; note "*pos 245" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 327 332 1.083 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.13" ; note "*pos 330" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 317 323 1.074 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.14" ; note "*pos 320" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 186 192 1.068 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.15" ; note "*pos 191" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 40 46 1.066 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.16" ; note "*pos 43" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 269 275 1.045 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.17" ; note "*pos 269" ACT1_FUGRU antigenic site 51 57 1.034 + . Sequence "ACT1_FUGRU.18" ; note "*pos 52" |
EMBOSS data files are distributed with the application and stored in the standard EMBOSS data directory, which is defined by the EMBOSS environment variable EMBOSS_DATA.
To see the available EMBOSS data files, run:
% embossdata -showall
To fetch one of the data files (for example 'Exxx.dat') into your current directory for you to inspect or modify, run:
% embossdata -fetch -file Exxx.dat
Users can provide their own data files in their own directories. Project specific files can be put in the current directory, or for tidier directory listings in a subdirectory called ".embossdata". Files for all EMBOSS runs can be put in the user's home directory, or again in a subdirectory called ".embossdata".
The directories are searched in the following order:
Here is the default Eantigenic.dat file:
# Antigenic Surface Antigenic # Amino -- Occurrence of amino acids in -- frequency frequency propensity # Acid Epitopes Surface Protein f(Ag) f(s) A(p) A 135 328 524 0.065 0.061 1.064 C 53 97 186 0.026 0.018 1.412 D 118 352 414 0.057 0.066 0.866 E 132 401 499 0.064 0.075 0.851 F 76 180 365 0.037 0.034 1.091 G 116 343 487 0.056 0.064 0.874 H 59 138 191 0.029 0.026 1.105 I 86 193 437 0.042 0.036 1.152 K 158 439 523 0.076 0.082 0.930 L 149 308 684 0.072 0.058 1.250 M 23 72 152 0.011 0.013 0.826 N 94 313 407 0.045 0.058 0.776 P 135 328 411 0.065 0.061 1.064 Q 99 252 332 0.048 0.047 1.015 R 106 314 394 0.051 0.058 0.873 S 168 429 553 0.081 0.080 1.012 T 141 401 522 0.068 0.075 0.909 V 128 239 515 0.062 0.045 1.383 W 19 55 103 0.009 0.010 0.893 Y 71 158 245 0.034 0.029 1.161 Total 2066 5340 7944
Program name | Description |
---|---|
digest | Protein proteolytic enzyme or reagent cleavage digest |
epestfind | Finds PEST motifs as potential proteolytic cleavage sites |
fuzzpro | Protein pattern search |
fuzztran | Protein pattern search after translation |
helixturnhelix | Report nucleic acid binding motifs |
oddcomp | Find protein sequence regions with a biased composition |
patmatdb | Search a protein sequence with a motif |
patmatmotifs | Search a PROSITE motif database with a protein sequence |
pepcoil | Predicts coiled coil regions |
preg | Regular expression search of a protein sequence |
pscan | Scans proteins using PRINTS |
sigcleave | Reports protein signal cleavage sites |
Original program "ANTIGENIC" by Peter Rice (EGCG 1991)
Peter Rice (pmr © ebi.ac.uk)
Informatics Division, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK
Completed 9th March 1999